Urologic Cancer

Prostate Cancer Risk Factors

Although the exact cause of prostate cancer is still unknown, there are several risk factors that appear to put men at a higher risk:

• Age — Men over age 65 are at the highest risk. The average age of diagnosis is 72. However, 25 percent of all cases are diagnosed under the age of 65.

• Family History — Certain inherited genes may predispose men to prostate cancer. Studies show that a man's risk for prostate cancer doubles if a close relative has the disease. With two relatives, his risk increases fivefold. With three relatives, his risk for developing prostate cancer is about 97 percent.

• Race — African Americans are more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and have a mortality rate more than double that of white males. Genetics, testosterone levels and diet may contribute to the increased risk.

• Diet — A diet high in animal fat may increase the risk of prostate cancer, while a diet high in fruits and vegetables may decrease the risk. Dietary supplements are being researched as a possible tool for fighting prostate cancer. For more information, visit Nutrition and Prostate Cancer.

• Other Risk Factors— Obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, radiation exposure, sexually transmitted viruses and vasectomy have all been studied as possible contributors to prostate cancer. So far, there is little evidence to support any of these as important causes of prostate cancer.

To learn about the UCSF Prostate Cancer Center or to request an appointment, please call (415) 353-7171.

More Information

Clinical Trials
Glossary
Nutrition and Prostate Cancer
Patient's Guide to Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer Signs and Symptoms
Radiation Therapy FAQ
Radical Prostatectomy
Robotic Radical Prostatectomy

Reviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Medical Center.
Last updated February 21, 2008

This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or health care provider. We encourage you to discuss with your doctor any questions or concerns you may have.