Phantom Tooth Syndrome

Signs and Symptoms

Phantom tooth syndrome can cause significant, persistent pain in the teeth that may last for months and even years. The severity of pain can vary and it may occur by itself or is triggered by something, such as hot, cold or a light touch. In many instances, pain starts after a patient has had a dental procedure, such as a root canal or filling. In addition, the tooth may even be extracted and can continue to hurt as if it were still there. Also, in an attempt to treat to the pain, many patients undergo additional unnecessary dental procedures.

Diagnosis

Like all orofacial pain disorders, phantom tooth syndrome can be very frustrating for patients and difficult to diagnose because it often does not cause any clinical abnormalities and it is hard to determine where the pain is coming from. Patients may visit many doctors and have a variety of tests, which are all negative. In the past, orofacial pain disorders were considered a psychological, rather than physical condition. However, research has shown that they are significant medical conditions that can be treated effectively when properly diagnosed.

In making a diagnosis of phantom tooth syndrome, your doctor will start by conducting a thorough clinical examination. He or she also will ask about any previous dental procedures that may have caused the condition, as well symptoms you may be experiencing. This information helps to rule out other conditions that cause facial pain, such as diseases of the teeth, gums or jaw.

Imagining tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT) scans of the brain, may be conducted.

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) – An MRI of the head is a non-invasive procedure that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to construct clear, detailed pictures of brain tissues.
• Computed Tomography (CT) – Also known as a CT scan, this test is a method of body imaging in which a thin X-ray beam rotates around the patient. A computer then analyzes the data to construct a cross-sectional image. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor or printed on film.

Treatment

Phantom tooth syndrome originates from the peripheral nerves, which include the nerves that extend to outlying areas of the body, such as the arms, legs, trunk, face and teeth. However, in some cases, the condition also can progress to the central part of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. Treatment depends on the nerves affected. When the pain originates from the peripheral nerves, injections of local anesthesia or steroids may be effective. Patients also may apply special creams that contain medications on the painful area.

Phantom tooth syndrome that involves the central nerves may be treated with medications, including antidepressants and anti-seizure drugs or narcotics, taken by mouth or on a daily basis.

We also offer acupuncture as a treatment option; many patients find that acupuncture effectively relieves pain. The treatment is performed by one of our dentists and oral facial pain experts, who also are certified by the state of California to practice acupuncture for dental treatment.