Fertility

Fertility Facts

Both the need and desire to have children are very basic. Most people plan to have children at some point in their lives, and many assume that when they are ready they will be able to conceive without trouble. While that may be the case for some couples, it's important to keep in mind the following facts as you think about fertility:

• For most couples, the likelihood of becoming pregnant after one month of unprotected intercourse is approximately 25 percent, increasing to 85 percent to 90 percent after one year. Unfortunately, approximately 10 percent to 15 percent of couples desiring children in the United States are infertile.

• Fertility requires normal ovulation -- the production and release of mature eggs -- sperm and a way for the eggs and sperm to get together. Infertility is not a sexual disorder. Rather it is a condition of the reproductive system that can be caused by a number of factors.

• A couple under age 35 should undergo a fertility evaluation if conception does not occur after trying for a year. Couples over 35 should pursue a fertility evaluation after trying for six months. A woman using artificial insemination should ask her doctor about an infertility evaluation after six months.

• The actual diagnosis of infertility is an important predictor of pregnancy success and the ultimate guide to treatment options. In general, infertility is diagnosed as a female problem in 35 percent of cases, a male problem in 35 percent, a combined problem in 20 percent and unexplained in 10 percent.

• There are many options available to help women and men address infertility. There are medical and surgical procedures, such as those offered by the UCSF Center for Reproductive Health, to help address infertility. Other options, such as adoption and foster parenthood also can be considered.

• UCSF Center for Reproductive Health
• Tips to Reduce Your Risk of Infertility
• Infertility Risk Factors

Reviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Medical Center.
Last updated May 8, 2007

This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or health care provider. We encourage you to discuss with your doctor any questions or concerns you may have.