Hypospadias

Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects among boys, resulting in the incomplete development of the urethra, the canal that carries urine from the bladder and that also serves as the passageway for semen. When this defect occurs, the urethra opens on the underside of the penis. In the most serious cases, boys can't urinate normally, if untreated.

The rate in which this defect occurs has increased dramatically during the past 30 years in the United States and Europe. The cause, however, is still unknown. Researchers speculate that the increase may be related to exposure to environmental toxins. Some believe that the increase may be due to increased interest in detecting and reporting the condition.

Fortunately, most boys born with this condition have mild cases that can be repaired relatively easily with a single outpatient operation performed between the ages of 6 months and 18 months.

Our experts are skilled at correcting hypospadias, including the repair of severe deformities, and have developed a Center for the Study and Treatment of Hypospadias. Over the years, we have successfully treated thousands of children born with this condition.

Reviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Children's Hospital.
Last updated May 17, 2007